Theodolite survey report pdf

A brief description of these methods is given below. Typically a theodolite has a small telescope that is attached to devices that measure angles and has a variety of moving parts. Compute the coordinates of your parcel corners using the starting coordinates of one of the control points. Theodolite surveying is a branch of surveying, in which the theodolite is accurate instrument used for the measurement of horizontal angles, vertical angles. Magnetic compass measures the angle up to as accuracy of 30. Research and discussion traverse traversing is a form of a control survey that is used in a wide variety of surveys. Pdf spatial coordinate measurement systems such as theodolites, laser. Total station setup and operation university of south alabama. Theodolite survey free download as powerpoint presentation. Extensions of this procedure may be used to measure multiple angles from a. Greater accuracy is achieved with larger theodolites as they have bigger graduated circle with larger divisions hence used where the survey works. Figure shows, point a, b, c and d are the survey stations of an open traverse, following a stream that is to be surveyed and plotted to scale.

Here we are writing about theodolite traversing and theodolite surveying pdf and theodolite. Crossstaff is the simplest instrument used for setting out perpendicular i. Before beginning with the theodolite traversing survey, a few things to consider is the tripod stand. Horizontal and vertical angle measurement in field by. Theodolites are similar to total stations, except that the total stations are used when the distances. To make a traverse by measuring included angle using theodolite and sides by direct measurement using tape. These measurements are used to plot boundary lines, building foundations and utility routing. What are its advantages and disadvantages over rankines method dec. Sources of error in theodolite work theodolite surveying. Theodolite traversing in survey and procedure and angle. In theodolite survey method, we have collected the four angles and measured the base line length of football ground in karpagam academy of higher education from this measurement we have plotted the boundary diagram in auto cad by using total station, the area where collected using area determination options from the. Chain survey is the simplest and commonest method used in surveying exercises.

A traverse survey consists of a series of survey lines, connected to each other, each line having length and direction. Pdf level survey practical cve carlington maremudze. Pdf the guidance methodology of a new automatic guided laser. To plot the plan of the given area by tacheometric surveying. The theodolite instrumental errors instrument adjustment field procedure measuring. An optical instrument consisting of a small mounted telescope rotatable in horizontal and vertical planes, used to measure angles in surveying, meteorology, and navigation. The internal spirit level makes sure the device is level to the horizon. Improve the overall efficiency of the divisions survey function. Tacheometry is a branch of angular surveying in which the horizontal and vertical distances are obtained by optical means as opposed to the ordinary process of chain and tape. Surveyors refer to these stations as the rear station, the. The process of setting the theodolite exactly over the station mark is known as centering.

To be familiar with the checks and errors in a closed traves and solve them. Open traverse an open traverse originates at a starting station. Anyhow a vernier theodolite measures the angles up to and. It has been downloaded and used by millions of customers since then, has appeared in movies and tv shows, and is used every day on the job by professionals around the world. Jun 04, 2010 theodolite with tripod prismatic compass theory travesing is that type of survey in which member of connected survey lines from the frame work and the direction and lengths of the survey lines are measured with the help og an angle or direction measuring instrument and a tapeor a chain. Leveling the total station leveling the total station must be accomplished to sufficient accuracy otherwise the instrument will not report results leveling the instrument takes 30 to 45 minutes make sure you can see all targets from the instrument station before going through the process.

Traverses are a series of established stations that are linked together by the angle and distance between adjacent points. Nov 29, 2015 from this survey, we know that point a, b, c and d are laid out on the site respectively. Site surveying report theodolite autosaved surveying. Theodolite parts and its functions for angle measurements in surveying. Theodolite traverse survey is a method of establishing control points, their. A theodolite is a surveying instrument that dates back to the 16th century, and its used to measure horizontal and vertical angles. The role of the theodolite in traversing and detail surveys is fundamental to all. An optical plummet ensures the theodolite is placed as close to exactly vertical above the survey point. Theodolite surveying theodolite the theodolite is a most accurate surveying instrument mainly used for. Figure shows a closed traverse, where the vectors 12, 23, 34, 45, 51 and 12 form a. The technique is usually used on level terrain, in population centers, at railroad.

In these surveys, control is achieved by positioning details on the ground which may be identified in images. This is done with the help of two special type of instruments transit theodolite and stadia rod. Triangulation survey in order to make the survey, manageable, the area to be surveyed is first covered with series of triangles. The inclusion of regularly used formulas and tables in the appendix will enable the manual user to reduce his library of. The accuracy with which these angles can be measured ranges from 5mins to 0,1 secs. Lack of good maintenance practices can jeopardize the efficiency and accuracy of the survey. Research and discussion traverse traversing is a form of. Todays electronic total stations all have an optoelectronic distance meter edm and electronic angle scanning. It is a procedure of setting up a theodolite that involves the following process. A theodolite measures distance manually by chains of standardized length or metal measuring tapes along the length of the desired angle. A surveyors theodolite is used to measure horizontal and vertical angles. A theodolite is an instrument used in survey testing and in archaeology to measure horizontal and vertical angles. Chain, ranging rod, arrows, crossstaff, metallic survey tape theory. Surveying notes pdf book starts with the topics distance measurement conventions and methods, theodolite, description, uses, and adjustments.

Surveying instruments theodolites brighthub engineering. Theodolites, land surveying theodolites, land surveying. On the other hand, other conventional surveying methods like chain surveying or traverse surveying need the surveyor to. Leveling systems are fitted for accurate installation of theodolites. In engineering surveying, either or both of the above formats may be utilized in the planning, design and construction of works, both on the surface and underground. Theodolite was one of the very first augmented reality apps when it was released for the iphone in 2009. It is a very important instrument in plane surveying. The vectors, may or may not close to form a polygon. The latest theodolites have infrared distance measuring devices, for which regular infrared inspection is essential. It is important to know about theodolite parts and their functions before using it to minimize errors during theodolite surveying. From this survey, we know that point a, b, c and d are laid out on the site respectively. Setting out grades ranging curves tacheometric survey 4. Theodolite vs transit how to use a theodolite how a theodolite works. It is a basic course for all universities for civil engineers.

Doc theodolite traversing rabiatul adawiyah academia. The traditional use has been for land surveying, but they are also used extensively for building and infrastructure construction, and some specialized applications such as meteorology and rocket launching. The theodolite is an instrument that is used to measure angles, with an. The theodolite is used to measure horizontal and vertical angles. Jun 08, 2016 sign in to report inappropriate content. Tacheometric surveying methods, detail procedures civil. The following rules may be used for finding the corrections to balance the survey. In its modern form it consists of a telescope mounted to swivel both horizontally and vertically. The system of surveying in which the angles are measured with the. The graduated circles, one vertical and one horizontal, allow the user to actually survey for angles. The setting of a theodolite exactly over a station mark by means of a plumbbob is known as centring. Traverse networks involved placing the survey stations along a line or path of travel, and then using the previously surveyed points as a base for.

Mark the point at which the theodolite will be set up with a surveyors nail or a stake. The angles are measured by theodolites, and the distances are measured by an edme. Doc theodolite traverse survey and tachymetry survey. It is used when the angular and linear measurements are equally precise. Theodolite augmented reality viewfinder for iphone and ipad. Size of theodolite a theodolite is designated by diameter of the graduated circle on the lower plate. Basic surveying instrument of unknown origin but going back to the 16thcentury english mathematician leonard digges. Traverse surveying traverse is a method in the field of surveying to establish control networks. In a theodolite survey, as distinct from tachymetric and phototheodolite surveys, the elevation characteristics of the relief are not determined. Because theodolites tend to be quite heavy they are usually fixed on a base. Field survey fieldwork in a traverse, three stations are considered to be of immediate significance. We hope students all over the world will find it helpful. Ibrahim mahamid civil engineering department, engineering faculty, university of hail, ksa. The report covers a view and a detailed explanation of the transformation of a proposed road required to be carried out on the main access road linking gate three 3 of the university of.

Surveying lab ii manual department of civil engineering. How to use a digital theodolite part 1 of 2 youtube. Modern theodolites have a telescope that can be mounted to a swivel which can move both horizontally and vertically, and the crosshairs allow you to make accurate alignments with the target object. It can, however, still be referred to in the fourth edition or in. Theodolite components of a theodolite introduction the theodolite is used to measure horizontal and vertical angles.

Theory 4 discuss the method of setting out a circular curve with two theodolite. Theodolite survey a horizontal geodetic survey of the terrain, done by means of a theodolite, to produce a contour map. Theodolite the theodoliteis used to measure horizontal and vertical angles for exact survey work compared to transit, theodoliteare. Theodolite has many parts which needs to be adjusted every time while surveying. Provide a single reference source for divisionwide surveying policies, procedures, and information. Because of its ease of use, it is used during reconnaissance survey as a quick method of surveying to get a rough idea in the location to be surveyed. Here you can download the free lecture notes of surveying pdf notes, materials with multiple file links to download. Adjust the misclosure using the compass rule bowditch method. Check that the adjusted latitudes and departures add to zero. A theodolite is a precision instrument for measuring angles in the horizontal and vertical planes. Theodolite parts and its functions for measurements in surveying. The following procedure would normally be adopted to measure the. To be familiar with various types and methods of traves surveying fot detailing. At a later stage, surveying techniques are used in the dimensional control or setting out of the designed constructional elements and also in the monitoring of deformation movements.

In this method, the angle at the instrument at a subtended by a known short distance along a staff kept at b is made with the help of a stadia diaphragm having stadia wires at fixed or constant distance apart. The coded scales of the horizontal and vertical circles are scanned electronically, and then the angles and. Chapter 3 surveying equipment, measurements and errors. A traverse is a series of connected lines whose lengths and directions are to be measured and the process of surveying to find such measurements is known as traversing. The report shall be submitted one week after completed the fieldwork. Theodolite survey takes vertical and horizontal angles in order to establish controls classification based on the method used 1. The departure of a survey line may be defined as its coordinate length measured at right angles to the meridian direction.

A theodolite works by combining optical plummets or plumb bobs, a spirit bubble level, and graduated circles to find vertical and horizontal angles in surveying. A theodolite is a measuring instrument used to measure the horizontal and vertical angles. The theodolite will be placed on point a which is our starting point and started to conduct our survey. In some cases, much of the topographic surveying may be undertaken via photogrammetric processes. Jun 04, 2010 the latitude of a survey line may be defined as its coordinate length measured parallel to an assumed meridian direction i. Engi3703 surveying and geomatics fall 2007 memorial university of newfoundland 5 10. Theodolite survey takes vertical and horizontal angles in order to establish controls. Theodolites how does a theodolite work theodolite vs. Theodolite, basic surveying instrument of unknown origin but going back to the 16thcentury english mathematician leonard digges. The common sizes are 8cm to 12 cm while 14 cm to 25 cm instrument are used for triangulation work.

Y the survey instrument theodolite or level instrument. Compact lightweight more accuracy and precise transits are more common in the u. After participating in this fieldwork students will become more comfortable with handling chain and ranging rods. Theodolite survey article about theodolite survey by the. Lines are first run round the perimeter of the plot, then the details. Part1 theodolite surveying in hindi parts of theodolite. Site surveying report theodolite autosaved free download as pdf file. Procedure for surveying the given open field closed traverse note. The angles that we get from the theodolite must be read from left to the right in order to obtain a more accurate reading. Here in we have gathered some pdf lectures on surveying. Theodolite parts and its functions for measurements in. South survey are proud to be able to offer you the very best in theodolites and theodolite surveying equipment.